Pablo+Neruda

This is my project for Pablo Neruda. Sources are at the bottom.

His early life (1904-1924) His middle life (1927-1950) His later life (1952-1973) His works Sources  Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto was born in Parral on July 12, 1904. His father was José del Carmen Reyes, who was a railroad conductor. His mom was Doña Rosa Basoalto de Reyes, who was a schoolteacher. His dad later remarried to Doña Trinidad Candia Marverde. Neftalí said that she was “the guardian angel of my childhood” (Goodnough 11). Neftalí, as a kid, lived in Temuco. At thirteen years of age, he began to write some articles to the daily "La Mañana." He also contributed Entusiasmo y Perseverancia, his first poem. In 1920, he contributed to "Selva Austral” (Pablo Neruda-Biography). “He thought that a European name would be the least noticeable, so he chose the name of Czech writer Jan Neruda, which he had come across in a literary magazine. He chose Pablo because of his admiration for the French poets Paul Valéry and Paul Verlaine” (Goodnough 21). In 1923, he had to sell all of his possessions in order to make enough money for his first book, //Crepusculario//, which means Twilight. He put many of his first poems in it (Pablo Neruda). Since his father strongly disliked a literary career, he tried to deter Neftalí from his poems. He took him on many trips around the country by a train in hopes of distracting him. However, this only influenced Neftalí (Goodnough 19). “A year later in 1924, Neruda published his second book of poems, //Veinte poemas de amor y una canción desesperada// , which translates into “Twenty poems of love and a song of despair” (Goodnough 25) Alongside his literary activities, Neruda studied French and pedagogy at the University of Chile in Santiago.  Between 1927 and 1935, the government put him in charge of a number of honorary consulships. This brought him to places such as Burma, Ceylon, Java, Singapore, Buenos Aires, Barcelona, and Madrid. In 1936, the Spanish Civil War interrupted Neruda's poetic and political careers. He wrote about the bad times, which included García Lorca’s execution in Espana “en el Corazon” in 1937. “Neruda's outspoken sympathy for the loyalist cause during the Spanish Civil War led to his recall from Madrid in 1937. He then returned to Europe to help settle republican refugees in the United States” (Pablo Neruda-Biography). Neruda returned to Chile in 1938 where he continued to write and partake in political affairs. In 1939, Pablo Neruda was named the Consul of Spanish emigration and left Chile again for four years. During this time he rewrote his Canto General de Chile, changing it into an epic poem about South America, its nature, its people and its historical destiny. This work was titled Canto General, and was published in Mexico 1950, and also underground in Chile. It includes about 250 of his poems. Nearly all these poems were created in a difficult situation, when Neruda was living abroad (Pablo Neruda-Biography). When he finally returned to Chile in 1943, he was elected to the Senate and he joined the Communist Party. When the Chilean government moved to the right, communism was declared illegal and Neruda was expelled from the Senate. He went into hiding. During those years he wrote and published Canto general in 1950.  In 1952 the government took back the order to arrest Communist writers and political figures. Because of this, Neruda returned to Chile and married Matilde Urrutia, his third wife. (His first two marriages, to Maria Antonieta Haagenar Vogelzang and Delia del Carril, both ended in divorce). About twenty-one years after that, he continued his career and became known as the people's poet. During this time, Neruda received numerous awards, including the International Peace Prize in 1950, the Lenin Peace Prize and the Stalin Peace Prize in 1953, and the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971 (Pablo Neruda-Biography). “Diagnosed with cancer while serving a two-year term as ambassador to France, Neruda resigned his position thus ending his diplomatic career. On September 23, 1973, just twelve days after the defeat of Chile's democratic regime, the man widely regarded as the greatest Latin-American poet since Darío, died of leukemia in Santiago, Chile” (Pablo Neruda-Biography).  “Neruda's production is exceptionally extensive. For example, his Obras Completas, constantly republished, comprised 459 pages in 1951; in 1962 the number of pages was 1,925, and in 1968 it amounted to 3,237, in two volumes. Among his works of the last few years can be mentioned Cien sonetos de amor (1959), which includes poems dedicated to his wife Matilde Urrutia, Memorial de Isla Negra, a poetic work of an autobiographic character in five volumes, published on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday, Arte de pajáros (1966), La Barcarola (1967), the play Fulgor y muerte de Joaquín Murieta (1967), Las manos del día (1968), Fin del mundo (1969), Las piedras del cielo (1970), and La espada encendida”” (Pablo Neruda-Biography)  Works Cited Goodnough. __Pablo Neruda__. N.p.: n.p., n.d. “Pablo Neruda.” __Poets__. 2009. Academy of American Poets. 11 Jan. 2009 . “Pablo Neruda: The Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971.” __Nobel Prize__. 1971. The Nobel Foundation. 11 Jan. 2009 .